Non-metallic materials are commonly used for valve components. The selection of non-metallic materials for valve design and for application-specific conditions is critical to ensuring product reliability. Like metallic materials used in valve designs, to meet reliability target selection of non-metallic materials is important to fulfill the design function of the component in the intended applications. In this article, we address some key areas to aid in the design and selection of non-metallic materials.
NON-METALLIC MATERIALS USED IN VALVES
Understanding material properties is essential for selecting the appropriate material for the valve design function and ensuring compatibility with the application requirements. It is crucial to have a thorough understanding of both the chemical and physical properties of the materials used in construction to effectively utilize a specific material for the intended purpose. By examining these properties carefully, one can make informed decisions to ensure the optimal performance and longevity of the valve system.
Application
Chemical composition of the flow medium (critically important)
Elastomer liners must withstand chemical attack and swelling
Temperature limits of the material
Solids content of the flow, if any (is there risk of abrasion?)
Flow rates or velocity
The chemical properties of a material determine whether it can be used within a particular application includes:
Chemical compatibility/corrosion resistance/chemical resistance
Crystallinity
Permeation
Electrical conductivity
Food safety
The physical properties of the material need to be taken into account to ensure functional performance, including under a full range of operating conditions:
Strength: tensile, yield, compressive
Elongation
Flexural modulus
Compression set
Deformation under load
Hardness (Shore durometer)
Volume change: swelling, especially due to the flow medium
Abrasion resistance
Extrusion resistance
Temperature rating: performance within given temperature range (Figure 1 shows examples)
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